SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

A Bayesian Belief Network to Infer Incentive Mechanisms to Reduce Antibiotic Use in Livestock Production

SILVA JUNIOR, J. F. da.

Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa), vinculada ao Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, mantém em Pernambuco três das suas Unidades ? a Embrapa Semiárido (Petrolina, PE), o Escritório de Negócios da Embrapa Transferência de Tecnologia (Brasília, DF), também em Petrolina, e a Unidade de Execução de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento do Recife, que pertence à Embrapa Solos (Rio de Janeiro, RJ). Além dessas três, a atuação na mesorregião da Mata Pernambucana ou, simplesmente, Zona da Mata de Pernambuco vem sendo realizada com maior constância pela Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros (Aracaju, SE), que, no âmbito da Embrapa, detém o mandato sobre a Zona da Mata nordestina; Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura (Cruz das Almas, BA); Embrapa Algodão...

Tipo: Artigo de divulgação na mídia (INFOTECA-E)

Palavras-chave: Zoneamento agrícola.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1014563

Ge, Lan; Van Asseldonk, Marcel A.P.M.; Valeeva, Natasha I.; Hennen, Wil; Bergevoet, Ron H.M..

Efficient policy intervention to reduce antibiotic use in livestock production requires knowledge about the rationale underlying antibiotic usage. Animal health status and management quality are considered the two most important factors that influence farmers’ decision-making concerning antibiotic use. Information on these two factors is therefore crucial in designing incentive mechanisms. In this paper, a Bayesian belief network (BBN) is built to represent the knowledge on how these factors can directly and indirectly determine antibiotic use and the possible impact on economic incentives. Since both factors are not directly observable (i.e. latent), they are inferred from measurable variables (i.e. manifest variables) which are influenced by these...

A Bayesian Total Factor Productivity Analysis of Tropical Agricultural Systems in Central-Western Africa And South-East Asia

Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114629

Tonini, Axel; Matus, Silvia Saravia; Gomez y Paloma, Sergio.

This paper computes and analyses total factor productivity (TFP) growth rates for tropical agricultural systems in Central-Western Africa and South-East Asia. Two regions that despite sharing common agro-ecological conditions, have pursued different adoption rates of green revolution technology and have reported dissimilar yields per hectare. A panel data set is constructed for the period 1987-2007 from the FAOSTAT database. A Bayesian stochastic frontier model with country specific temporal variation in technical efficiency is estimated. Technical efficiency estimates reveal that there is substantial room for improvement in both continental sub-sets and that TFP estimates show on average larger rates of growth for South-East Asian countries as compared to...

A Better Approach to Resolving Variable Selection Uncertainty in Meta Analysis for Benefits Transfer

Palavras-chave: Bayesian Inference; Stochastic Production Frontier; Time Varying Technical Inefficiency; Total Factor Productivity Growth; Tropical Agricultural Systems; Farm Management; Productivity Analysis; C15; D24; O47.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116088

Randall, Alan; Chen, Ding-Rong.

Because original high-quality non-market valuation studies can be expensive, perhaps prohibitively so, benefits transfer (BT) approaches are often used for valuing, e.g., the outputs of multifunctional agriculture. Here we focus on the use of BT functions, a preferred method, and address an under-appreciated problem – variable selection uncertainty – and demonstrate a conceptually superior method of resolving it. We show that the standard method of value-function BT, using the full estimated model, may generate BT values that are too sensitive to insignificant variables, whereas models reduced by backward elimination of insignificant variables pay no attention to insignificant variables that may in fact have some influence on values. Rather than searching...

A Biomimetic Model of the Outer Plexiform Layer by Incorporating Memristive Devices

Palavras-chave: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114788

Nature Precedings

Andras Gelencser; Themistoklis Prodromakis; Christofer Toumazou; Tamas Roska.

In this paper we present a biorealistic model for the first part of the early vision processing by incorporating memristive nanodevices. The architecture of the proposed network is based on the organisation and functioning of the outer plexiform layer (OPL) in the vertebrate retina. We demonstrate that memristive devices are indeed a valuable building block for neuromorphic architectures, as their highly non-linear and adaptive response could be exploited for establishing ultra-dense networks with similar dynamics to their biological counterparts. We particularly show that hexagonal memristive grids can be employed for faithfully emulating the smoothing-effect occurring at the OPL for enhancing the dynamic range of the system. In addition, we employ a...

Tipo: Manuscript

Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Bioinformatics.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6664/version/1

A Biosensor Using Poly(4-Aminophenol)/acetylcholinesterase modified graphite electrode for the detection of dichlorvos

BABT

Melo,Edmar Isaías; Franco,Diego Leoni; Afonso,André Santiago; Rezende,Hélen Cristine; Brito-Madurro,Ana Graci; Madurro,João Marcos; Coelho,Nívia Maria Melo.

The properties of poly(4-aminophenol) modified graphite electrode as material for the immobilization of acetylcholinesterase were investigated by the Cyclic Voltammetry, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy. The polymer was deposited on graphite electrode surface by the oxidation of 4-aminophenol and then acetylcholinesterase was immobilized on the surface of the electrode. The biosensor coupled in the continuous flow system was employed for the detection of dichlorvos. The detection and quantification limits were 0.8 and 2.4 μmol L-1 dichlorvos, respectively. Graphite electrodes modified with the poly(4-aminophenol) showed to be an efficient and promising material for immobilization of acetylcholinesterase enzyme. The...

: A bioüzemanyagok adózása Magyarországon

Palavras-chave: Graphite; Poly(4-aminophenol); Biosensor; Dichlorvos.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132011000600018

A Brazilian family with hereditary inclusion body myopathy associated with Paget disease of bone and frontotemporal dementia

Palyi, Zoltan.

Megállapítható, hogy a bioetanol adózási helyzete kedvezőbb, mint a biodízelé. Az etanol forgalma dinamikusan növekszik. Magyarországon jelenleg több mint 200 benzinkúton kapható E85 üzemanyag. Annak érdekében, hogy Magyarországon legalább 10% legyen a közlekedési szektorban a „bio” arány, célszerű első lépésként az üzemanyagokban lévő biokomponens-arányt a jelenlegi 4,8%-ról 6,0%-ra, majd 1-2 év múlva 8,0%-ra emelni. A biodízelnél, például a B40- ---------------------------------------------- Apparently the status of bioethanol in terms of taxation is more favourable than that of biodiesel. Ethanol sales are growing dynamically. The E85 fuel is currently sold at more than 200 petrol stations in Hungary. In order to increase the share of “bio” to at...

Tipo: Article

Palavras-chave: Bioenergetika; Bioüzemanyag; Gabona-felhasználás; Adózás; Bioenergy; Biofuels; Ethics; Using cereals; Taxation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119902

BJMBR

Fanganiello,R.D.; Kimonis,V.E.; Côrte,C.C.; Nitrini,R.; Passos-Bueno,M.R..

Inclusion body myopathy associated with Paget disease and frontotemporal dementia (IBMPFD) is a progressive and usually misdiagnosed autosomal dominant disorder. It is clinically characterized by a triad of features: proximal and distal myopathy, early onset Paget disease of bone (PDB), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). It is caused by missense mutations in the valosin-containing protein (VCP) gene. We describe here the clinical and molecular findings of the first Brazilian family identified with IBMPFD. Progressive myopathy affecting the limb girdles was detected by clinical examination followed by muscle biopsy and creatine kinase measurement. PDB was suggested after anatomopathological bone examination and FTD was diagnosed by clinical,...

A cadeia produtiva da caprinoovinocultura nos municípios do entorno da barragem de Sobradinho.

Palavras-chave: Frontotemporal dementia; VCP gene mutations; Myopathy; Paget disease of bone.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2011000400016

GUIMARÃES FILHO; SILVA, P. C. G. da; AZEVEDO, S. G. de.

Este relatório apresenta os resultados alcançados pelo Estudo da Cadeia Produtiva da Caprino-Ovinocultura em Cinco Municípios do Entorno da Barragem de Sobradinho, correspondente ao plano de ação nº. 12, do projeto AÇÕES DE DESENVOLVIMENTO PARA PRODUTORES AGROPECUÁRIOS E PESCADORES DO TERRITÓRIO DO ENTORNO DA BARRAGEM DE SOBRADINHO-BA (Projeto Lago de Sobradinho), coordenado pela Embrapa Semiárido, em trabalho cooperativo co-financiado pela Companhia Hidroelétrica do São Francisco ? CHESF, nos municípios de Casa Nova, Pilão Arcado, Remanso, Sento Sé e Sobradinho, a partir de 2010. A metodologia adotada no estudo envolveu desde a consulta às fontes secundárias até a restituição e validação das informações em oficinas municipais, passando pelas entrevistas...

Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)

Palavras-chave: AGROSSÓCIOECONÔMICA; Barragem de Sobradinho; Projeto Chesf; Lago de Sobradinho; Entorno do lago; Caprinoovinocultura; Dinâmica agrária; Restruturação produtiva; Potencialidade; Plano de fortalecimento; Caprino; Caprinocultura; Ovino; Ovinocultura; Cadeia Produtiva; Economia Agrícola; Economia da Produção; Desenvolvimento Socio-Econômico; Estrutura Agrária; Rebanho; Sheep; Dairy sheep; Dairy goats; Goats; Animal production; Production economics.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1105707

A Calibrate Auction-conjoint Experiment to Elicit Consumer Valuation of Sustainable Farming: Is Agro-systems Preservation Relevant?

Avitia, Jessica; Costa-Font, Montserrat; Gil, Jose Maria; Lusk, Jayson L..

This paper analyses the role of agro-systems preservation on making food choices. It employs the “Calibrate Auction-Conjoint Valuation method” (CACM), which relates hypothetical conjoint valuation of product attributes with real market behavior using real economic incentives. The paper also allows comparing the hypothetical and nonhypothetical valuations in order to value the difference between the theoretic and the incentive-compatible WTP for a same respondent and within a single experiment. Thus the paper aims at testing for: 1) the internal consistency on people’s behavior towards sustainable agriculture, and 2) the relevance of the price attribute versus agro-ecosystems preservation for a fresh product. Results suggest that Spanish respondents’...

A canonical correlation analysis of the association between carcass and ham traits in pigs used to produce dry-cured ham

Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114213

Genet. Mol. Biol.

Ventura,Henrique T.; Lopes,Paulo S.; Peloso,José V.; Guimarães,Simone E.F.; Carneiro,Antonio Policarpo S.; Carneiro,Paulo L.S..

The association between carcass and ham traits in a pig population used to produce dry-cured ham was studied using canonical correlation analysis. The carcass traits examined were hot carcass weight (HCW), backfat thickness (BT) and loin depth (LD), and the ham traits studied were gross ham weight (GHW), trimmed ham weight (THW), ham inner layer fat thickness (HIFT), ham outer layer fat thickness (HOFT), pH (pH) and the Göfo value. Carcass and ham traits are not independent. The canonical correlations (r) between the carcass and ham traits at 130 kg were 0.77, 0.24 and 0.20 for the first, second and third canonical pair, respectively, and were all significant (p < 0.01) by the Wilks test. The corresponding canonical correlations between the three...

A captação de leite fluido em 2011.

Palavras-chave: Canonical correlation; Carcass; Ham; Pig.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572011000300014

A carne que você come é produzida de forma SUSTENTÁVEL? Emergia entenda mais sobre isso!

SIQUEIRA, K. B.; GAMA, D. A.; ZOCCAL, R..

Tipo: Artigo de periódico

Palavras-chave: Mercado; Produto Derivado do Leite.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/921784

A case of leucism in the burrowing owl Athene cunicularia (Aves: Strigiformes) with confirmation of species identity using cytogenetic analysis

JULIANO, R. S..

bitstream/item/161352/1/FOL163.pdf

Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)

Palavras-chave: Índices Emergéticos.; Carne; Energia..

Ano: 2011

URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/897986

Rev. Bras. Zool.

Nogueira,Denise M; Alves,Maria Alice S.

Leucism is an inherited disorder, characterized by the lack of pigments in part or all of the body, normal coloration of the eyes and, in birds, in naked parts such as the bill and legs. This kind of disorder is sometimes erroneously designated as albinism or partial albinism. In this study, we present a case of leucism in a wild owl. The studied individual presented completely white plumage, light-yellow coloration of legs and bill and normal coloration of eyes. According to morphological features, this owl is a specimen of burrowing owl, Athene cunicularia (Molina, 1782). To confirm the species identity, we used cytogenetic analyses for karyotypic determination, comparing it to the previously described one in the literature. We also studied a captive...

A catalogue of types of Conopoidea, Diopsoidea, Nerioidea and Tephritoidea (Diptera, Schizophora) in the collection of the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo

Palavras-chave: Aberrant plumage; Bird; Chromosomes; Karyotype.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702011000100008

Rev. Bras. entomol.

Mello,Ramon Luciano; Lamas,Carlos José Einicker.

A catalogue is provided with the type material of four superfamilies of "Acalyptrate" (Conopoidea, Diopsoidea, Nerioidea and Tephritoidea) held in the collection of the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (MZUSP), São Paulo, Brazil. Concerning the taxa dealt with herein, the Diptera collection of MZUSP held 77 holotypes, 4 "allotypes" and 194 paratypes. In this paper, information about data labels, preservation and missing structures of the type specimens is given.

A Categorical Data Analysis on Risks in Agriculture

Palavras-chave: Conopoidea; Diopsoidea; Nerioidea; Tephritoidea; Scientific collections.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0085-56262011000200007

Uematsu, Hiroki; Mishra, Ashok K..

This study compares farm operators’ risk perceptions and actual realization of risk attitudes revealed through off-farm labor, enterprise diversification, and use of contracts, crop insurance, and other types of insurance, using data from 2001 Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS). Results from ordered logit model and multivariate probit models unexpectedly found that risk loving farmers are more likely to employ risk management strategies.

A Century of American Economic Review

Palavras-chave: Risk; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Labor and Human Capital; Marketing; Production Economics; Risk and Uncertainty; D81; Q10; Q12.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98839

Torgler, Benno; Piatti, Marco.

Using information collected from American Economic Review publications of the last 100 years, we try to provide answers to various questions: Which are the top AER publishing institutions and countries? Which are the top AER papers based on citation success? How frequently is someone able to publish in AER? How equally is citation success distributed? Who are the top AER publishing authors? What is the level of cooperation among the authors? What drives the alphabetical name ordering? What are the individual characteristics of the AER authors, editors, editorial board members, and referees? How frequently do women publish in AER? What is the relationship between academic age, publication performance, and citation success? What are the paper...

Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper

Palavras-chave: American Economic Review; Publishing Economics; Rankings; Cooperation; Authors; Editors; Board Members; Referees; Connections; Awards; Paper Characteristics; Economic History; History of Economic Thought; Environmental Economics and Policy; A10; A110; B00; B31; B40; I23; N01; J00; Z00.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102501

A Classic Case of Annular Pancreas and its Clinical Implications

International Journal of Morphology

Nayak B,Satheesha; Mun Yooi,Ooi.

Annular pancreas is a rare developmental anomaly where the head of the pancreas surrounds the second part of the duodenum like a ring. This may cause the duodenal constriction, obstruction, peptic ulcers and other complications. We saw a classic case of annular pancreas. The head of pancreas surrounded the second part of duodenum completely. However there was no narrowing of the duodenum. The case may be of importance for gastroenterologists, surgeons and radiologists.

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: Pancreas; Annular pancreas; Duodenum; Anomaly.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022011000200043

A closer look at the role of the fruit and vegetable planting restriction provision on land use in the United States

Lei, Lei; Rickard, Bradley J.; Balagtas, Joseph Valdes; Krissoff, Barry.

Current U.S. farm programs make payments to farmers based in part on historical base acres planted in particular program crops such as corn, soybeans, cotton, wheat and soybeans. Eligibility for payments includes regulations on the crops allowed to be grown on base acres, and there are restrictions on planting horticultural crops on such base acres. The fruits and planting restriction on base acres has potentially influenced the number of acres planted to fruits and vegetables over the past two decades. This research carefully examines the effects of planting restrictions applied to vegetables and program crops, using county-level data in the United States in 1982, 1987, 1992 and 1997. The paper employs the difference-indifference (DiD) approach to...